Sources, composition and characterization of the solid waste. This process includes transportation, analysis, legal procedures, along with monitoring and enforcing regulations. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. These are wastes that easily catch fire with a flash point less than 60c. Pdf classification of sources of municipal solid wastes in. The main sources for solid wastes are domestic, commercial, industrial, municipal, and agricultural wastes. In towns and cities, the three main sources are residential, commercial and industrial areas. Household waste that can be categorized as hazardous waste include old batteries, shoe polish, paint tins, old medicines, and medicine bottles. India where nature offers various types of biomass. Andhra pradesh, bihar, uttar pradesh, and tamil nadu.
Evaluation of solid waste generation, categories and disposal. Depending upon the source, msw is categorized into three types a. In general, the urban solid wastes are called refuse. Sources, types and composition of municipal solid waste msw management of msw solid wastes include all solid or semisolid materials that the processor no longer considers of sufficient value to retain. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and management. Wastes generated from this source include empty pesticide containers, old silage wrap, out of date medicines and wormers, used tires, surplus milk, cocoa pods and corn husks. Some of the major types of solid waste management are as follows. Solid waste in the united states in 1988 municipal wastes alonethat is, the solid wastes sent by households, business, and municipalities to local landfills and other wastedisposal facilitiesequalled 163 million metric tons 1980 million u. Types of solid waste generated in residential areas includes food wastes, packaging bottles and cans, papers and miscellaneous items that have been used up. Several studies reported that the municipal solid waste that are generated from the developing countries are mainly from households 5580%, followed by.
The term solid waste management mainly refers to the complete process of collecting, treating and disposing of the solid wastes. Think of dvd and music players, tv, telephones, computers, vacuum cleaners and all the other electrical stuff in your home. Such fires not only present immediate dangers but can. Evaluation of solid waste generation, categories and. These comprise mostly acidic or alkaline wastes that corrode other materials. Sources and examples of msw sources examples of products residential, including single and multiplefamily houses nondurable paper items magazines, newspapers, advertising flyers, plastic and glass bottles, aluminum and steel cans, packaging, food wastes, yard wastes institutional, including schools, hospitals, prisons, and nursing homes. Liquid and solid waste types can also be grouped into organic, reusable and recyclable waste. Sources, types and composition of municipal solid waste msw. Before starting to plan management activities, it is important to know as much about msw as possible. Solid waste types of solid waste disposing solid waste. I types, amounts and effects of industrial solid wastes jinhui li industrial solid wastes are generated from the growing industries. This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution. The solid waste types include paper, nylon, wood, dust, cloth, metal scraps, electronic gadgets, bottles, food remnants and vegetables. Jul 23, 2012 solid waste is any waste generated by every day human activities.
These are solid wastes from home, offices, stores, schools, hospitals. Liquid waste was defined in study session 1 as any waste in liquid form. The sources of solid waste include residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial activities. Solid waste management notes pdf swm notes pdf book starts with the topics waste collection, from low and mediumrise apartments, landfill technique, types of landfill, landfills for commingled msw. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition elements of solid waste management. Different types and sources of solid wastes are shown in table 1. Household or municipal wastes are usually generated from variable sources where different human activities are encountered. Jan 26, 2012 municipal solid wastes are one the most common waste in our environment. Appropriate solid waste management strategies may vary for institutional, communal and domestic sources, depending on types and volumes of waste. It exposes the scavengers to a number of diseases e. A basic knowledge of the sources and types of solid wastes is needed in the evaluation of composition and generation rates of msw sources. Solid waste pollution and hotels environmental sciences essay. Choking of drains and gully pits by the solid wastes.
Certain types of wastes that cause immediate danger to exposed individuals or environments are classified as hazardous. This makes segregation and disposal all the more difficult and risky. You were introduced to the main types of liquid waste in study session 1. Sources and types of municipal solid wastes well as reject solid materials regularly from various sectors agricultural, commercial, domestic, industrial and institutional. This energy is also available in the form of biodegradable waste, which is the rejected component of available biomass 7. Solid waste and its management ppt linkedin slideshare. It is a multidisciplinary activity involving engineering principles, economics, and urban and regional planning. Rubbish includes paper, cardboard, plastic, wood, glass, metals and leather. The combined effects of population explosion and changing modern living standard have had a cumulative effect in the generation of a. Food wastes, paper, cardboard, plastics, textiles, leather, yard wastes, wood, glass, metals, ashes, special wastes e. In general, the wastes may be classified into the following categories. Waste items include concrete debris, wood, earth, huge package boxes and plastics from the building materials and the like. Sources, types and composition of municipal solid waste.
Industrial wastes include any material that is rendered during a manufacturing process, for example, in a textile industry, wastes may be in the form of fibres used to wipe off oil. The biomass resource is, organic matter in which the energy of sunlight is stored in chemical bonds. Nov 15, 2019 environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. Garbage can also refer specifically to food waste, as in a garbage disposal. Solid waste disposal management is usually referred to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. Solid waste is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from human activities in residential, industrial or commercial areas. Each of these waste types is examined separately below.
This is waste from electronic and electrical devices. All nonhazardous solid waste from a community that requires. Sources and types of solid waste there are two basic sources of solid wastes. Domestic areas appropriate solid waste management strategies may vary for. Solid waste is any waste generated by every day human activities. Environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. Solid waste disposal and management includes planning, administrative, financial, engineering and legal functions. Chapter 7 solid waste management choose your language. This study session is the first of three that builds on that introduction and describes liquid wastes in more detail.
This refers to hospitals and biomedical equipment and chemical manufacturing firms. Municipal solid waste msw or urban solid waste is normally comprised of food wastes, rubbish, demolition and. Each activity generates different types of waste requiring different specialize treatments. Sources of industrial waste definition wastes from various types of small and large scale industries are called industrial wastes.
In this episode, we are going to see the details of solid wastes and their environmental concern. Solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes smartzworld. Solid waste means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded materials including solid, liquid, semisolid, or contained gaseous material, resulting from industrial, commercial. Globally, the estimated quantity of solid wastes generation was 12 billion tons in the year 2002 pappu et al. Some of the major various classification of solid waste are as follows. New york state has an established program to manage solid waste to help protect and preserve the environment. Biomass energy refers to fuels made from plants and animal wastes. Sources, composition, disposal, recycling, and valorization article pdf available in egyptian journal of petroleum 274.
The municipal solid wastes are a mixture of paper, plastic, clothes, metals, glass, organic matter etc. Rats dwelling with infectious solid wastes may spread diseases like plague, salmonellosis, trichinosis, endemic typhus etc. The considerable volume of wastes thus generated and rejected is called solid wastes. Some solid waste can also be converted to a liquid waste form for disposal.
Water supply, if gets contaminated with pathogens present in solid wastes, may result in cholera, jaundice, hepatitis, gastro enteric diseases etc. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. It predominantly includes food wastes, yard wastes, containers and product packaging, and other miscellaneous inorganic wastes from residential, commercial, institutional. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. In the waste management process, the wastes are collected from the different sources and are disposed of. Source, category and types sources of solid waste generation in nigeria among others are commercial, industrial, household, agricultural and educational establishments. Sources and types of solid wastes free download as word doc. This study presents an overview on solid waste that can be used as a source of bioenergy in libya including msw, isw industrial solid waste, and hsw health care wastes as biomass sources. Various types of wastes like cans, pesticides, cleaning solvents, batteries zinc, lead or mercury, radioactive materials, plastics and ewaste are mixed up with paper, scraps and other nontoxic materials which could be recycled.
No municipal waste is a very small part of total solid wastes. In other words, solid wastes are the wastes arising from human and animal activities. Amounts and composition of municipal solid wastes eolss. For information on different solid waste compositions see report pdf what do we do with solid waste. Residential or household waste which arises from domestic areas from individual houses. In the european union, the semantic definition is mixed municipal waste, given waste. In hospitals there are different types of solid wastes produced. Municipal solid waste msw includes wastes such as durable goods, nondurable goods, containers and packaging, food wastes yard wastes, and miscellaneous inorganic wastes from residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial sources. Solid waste can be classified into different types depending on their source. Blog liquid waste find out the types and sources of liquid waste, as well as how wastewater treatment is implemented by private organizations 28 may posted at 11. Types of wastes different types and sources of wastes. Solid waste may be in the form of household garbage, leftovers of food and other wastage that include old house hold items such as papers, plastic waste in the form of kitchen equipment or any other products that are consumed during every day activities. These are solid wastes from home, offices, stores, schools, hospitals, hotels etc. Apr 05, 2017 depending upon the source, msw is categorized into three types a.
Solid wastes these are the unwanted substances that are discarded by human society. The management of solid waste and valorization is based on an understanding of msw. View notes sources and types of solid waste from chem 209 at bingham university. Types and sources of waste definition, examples, diagrams. Solid waste any unwanted product which is not a liquid or gas in our surroundings and from our daily products.
Municipal solid waste, commonly known as trash or garbage us, refuse or rubbish uk is a waste type consisting of everyday items we consume and discard. Before discussing different sources of wastes, let us get a brief idea about various types of wastes that we generate. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition by dr. Agricultural sources of wastes waste generated by agricultural activities, including horticulture, livestock breeding, market gardens and seedling nurseries, are called agricultural wastes. In this article, we have thoroughly discussed the types, causes and impacts of different pollutions affecting humankind. Among this amount, 11 billion tons were industrial solid wastes and 1. Here you can download the free lecture notes of solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes materials with multiple file links to download. Solid waste can be separated up into three different forms municipal solid waste, hazardous waste and industrial waste. These are trashes that are usually leftover of what we used.
Solid waste management types with methods and its effects. The following are the modules covered in this episode. We begin with a closer look at the sources and characteristics of liquid. Types of waste generally, waste could be liquid or solid waste. The wastes, collected from the residential houses, markets, streets and other places mostly in the urban areas and disposed of by municipal bodies are called municipal solid wastes msw. Theory of environmental pollution is one among them. India generates around 7 million tonnes of hazardous wastes every year, most of which is concentrated in four states. Several studies reported that the municipal solid waste that are generated from the developing countries are mainly from households 5580%, followed by market or commercial areas 1030%. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Find out the types and sources of liquid waste, as well as. The report further stated that unattended wastes lying around attract flies, rats, and other creatures that, in turn, spread diseases. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition. It is typically the job of the generator, subject to local, national and even international authorities. Municipal solid wastes are one the most common waste in our environment.
Solid waste is generated continuously through various means through daily activities. Pdf disposal of solid wastes is a stinging and widespread problem in both. A breakdown of solid waste types and sources is provided in table 8. Municipal solid waste msw, commonly known as trash or garbage in the united states and rubbish in britain, is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public. Utilization of solid wastes in construction materials. However, there are no adequate treatment and disposal facilities and qualified personnel in these developing countries. The composition of liquid waste, also known as wastewater, is highly varied and depends principally on its source. Municipal waste is a very small part of total solid wastes. The database was based on information from two types of census.
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